Lemonia balcanica is a species of insect belonging to the family Lemoniidae. It is commonly known as the Balkan swallowtail or Balkan emperor moth. This insect is characterized by its large size, with a wingspan reaching up to 10 centimeters. Lemonia balcanica is predominantly found in the Balkan Peninsula, and its caterpillars feed on various deciduous trees such as oak and beech.